Overview |
Name | Thulium |
Symbol | Tm |
Atomic Number | 69 |
Atomic Weight | 168.93421 |
Density | 9.321 g/cm3 |
Melting Point | 1545 °C |
Boiling Point | 1950 °C |
Thermal properties |
Phase | Solid |
Melting Point | 1545 °C |
Boiling Point | 1950 °C |
Absolute Melting Point | 1818 K |
Absolute Boiling Point | 2223 K |
Heat of Fusion | 16.8 kJ/mol |
Heat of Vaporization | 250 kJ/mol |
Heat of Combustion | N/A |
Specific Heat | 160 J/(kg K)[note] |
Neel Point | 56 K |
Thermal Conductivity | 17 W/(m K) |
Thermal Expansion | 0.0000133 K-1 |
Bulk physical properties |
Density | 9.321 g/cm3 |
Density (Liquid) | 8.56 g/cm3 |
Molar Volume | 0.000018124 |
Brinell Hardness | 471 MPa |
Vickers Hardness | 520 MPa |
Bulk Modulus | 45 GPa |
Shear Modulus | 31 GPa |
Young Modulus | 74 GPa |
Poisson Ratio | 0.21 |
Thermal Conductivity | 17 W/(m K) |
Thermal Expansion | 0.0000133 K-1 |
Reactivity |
Valence | 3 |
Electronegativity | 1.25 |
ElectronAffinity | 50 kJ/mol |
Ionization Energies | 596.7, 1160, 2285, 4120 kJ/mol |
|
Health and Safety |
Autoignition Point | N/A |
Flashpoint | N/A |
|
Classifications |
Alternate Names | None |
Nams of Allotropes | None |
Block | f |
Group | N/A |
Period | 6 |
Electron Configuration | [Xe]4f136s2 |
Color | Silver |
Discovery | |
Gas phase | N/A |
CAS Number | CAS7440-30-4 |
Electrical properties |
Electrical Type | Conductor |
Electrical Conductivity | 1.4×106 S/m |
Resistivity | 7×10-7 m Ω |
Superconducting Point | N/A |
Magnetic properties |
Magnetic Type | Paramagnetic |
Curie Point | 25 K |
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | 1.99×10-6 |
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | 3.36179×10-7 |
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | 0.0185488 |
Abundances |
% in Universe | 1×10-8% |
% in Sun | 2×10-8% |
% in Meteorites | 2.9×10-6% |
% in Earth's Crust | 0.000045% |
% in Oceans | 2×10-11% |
% in Humans | N/A |
Atomic dimensions and structure |
Atomic Radius | 222 pm |
Covalent Radius | N/A |
Van der Waals Radius | N/A |
Crystal Structure | Simple Hexagonal |
Lattice Angles | |
Lattice Constants | 353.75, 353.75, 555.46 pm |
|
Space Group Name | P63/mmc |
Space Group Number | 194 |
Nuclear Properties |
Half-Life | Stable |
Lifetime | Stable |
Stable Isotopes | |
Isotopic Abundances | |
|