Technical data for Molybdenum

Overview
NameMolybdenum
SymbolMo
Atomic Number42
Atomic Weight95.94
Density10.28 g/cm3
Melting Point2623 °C
Boiling Point4639 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point2623 °C
Boiling Point4639 °C
Absolute Melting Point2896 K
Absolute Boiling Point4912 K
Heat of Fusion36 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization600 kJ/mol
Heat of CombustionN/A
Specific Heat251 J/(kg K)[note]
Thermal Conductivity139 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion4.8×10-6 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density10.28 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)9.33 g/cm3
Molar Volume9.333×10-6
Brinell Hardness1.5×103 MPa
Mohs Hardness5.5 MPa
Vickers Hardness1530 MPa
Bulk Modulus230 GPa
Shear Modulus20 GPa
Young Modulus329 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.31
Speed of Sound6190 m/s
Thermal Conductivity139 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion4.8×10-6 K-1

Reactivity
Valence6
Electronegativity2.16
ElectronAffinity71.9 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
684.3, 1560, 2618, 4480, 5257, 6640.8, 12125, 13860, 15835, 17980, 20190, 22219, 26930, 29196, 52490, 5.5×104, 6.14×104, 6.77×104, 7.4×104, 8.04×104, 8.7×104 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
Autoignition PointN/A
FlashpointN/A

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Nams of AllotropesNone
Blockd
Group6
Period5
Electron Configuration[Kr]4d55s1
ColorGray
Discovery
1781 in Sweden
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7439-98-7

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity2×107 S/m
Resistivity5×10-8 m Ω
Superconducting Point0.915

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility1.17×10-8
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility1.122×10-9
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.0001203

Abundances
% in Universe5×10-7%
% in Sun9×10-7%
% in Meteorites0.00012%
% in Earth's Crust0.00011%
% in Oceans1×10-6%
% in Humans0.00001%

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius190 pm
Covalent Radius145 pm
Van der Waals RadiusN/A
Crystal StructureBody Centered Cubic
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice Constants
314.7, 314.7, 314.7 pm
Space Group NameIm_ 3m
Space Group Number229

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Stable Isotopes
92Mo, 94Mo, 95Mo, 96Mo, 97Mo, 98Mo
Isotopic Abundances
100Mo9.63%
92Mo14.84%
94Mo9.25%
95Mo15.92%
96Mo16.68%
97Mo9.55%
98Mo24.13%

Notes on the properties of Molybdenum:
Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.