| Overview |
| Name | Phosphorus |
| Symbol | P |
| Atomic Number | 15 |
| Atomic Weight | 30.973761 |
| Density | 1.823 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 44.2 °C[note] |
| Boiling Point | 280.5 °C[note] |
Thermal properties |
| Phase | Solid |
| Melting Point | 44.2 °C[note] |
| Boiling Point | 280.5 °C[note] |
| Absolute Melting Point | 317.3 K[note] |
| Absolute Boiling Point | 553.6 K[note] |
| Heat of Fusion | 0.64 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Vaporization | 12.4 kJ/mol |
| Heat of Combustion | N/A |
| Specific Heat | 769.7 J/(kg K)[note] |
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.236 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | N/A |
Bulk physical properties |
| Density | 1.823 g/cm3 |
| Density (Liquid) | N/A |
| Molar Volume | 0.000016991 |
| Brinell Hardness | N/A |
| Mohs Hardness | N/A |
| Vickers Hardness | N/A |
| Bulk Modulus | 11 GPa |
| Shear Modulus | N/A |
| Young Modulus | N/A |
| Poisson Ratio | N/A |
| Refractive Index | 1.001212 |
| Speed of Sound | N/A |
| Thermal Conductivity | 0.236 W/(m K) |
| Thermal Expansion | N/A |
Reactivity |
| Valence | 5 |
| Electronegativity | 2.19 |
| ElectronAffinity | 72 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energies | | 1011.8, 1907, 2914.1, 4963.6, 6273.9, 21267, 25431, 29872, 35905, 40950 kJ/mol |
|
Health and Safety |
| Autoignition Point | 300 °C |
| Flashpoint | 30 °C |
|
Classifications |
| Alternate Names | None |
| Nams of Allotropes | | WhitePhosphorus, RedPhosphorus, BlackPhosphorus |
|
| Block | p |
| Group | 15 |
| Period | 3 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne]3s23p3 |
| Color | Colorless |
| Discovery | |
| Gas phase | N/A |
| CAS Number | CAS7723-14-0 |
Electrical properties |
| Electrical Type | Conductor |
| Electrical Conductivity | 1×107 S/m |
| Resistivity | 1×10-7 m Ω |
| Superconducting Point | N/A |
Magnetic properties |
| Magnetic Type | Diamagnetic |
| Curie Point | N/A |
| Mass Magnetic Susceptibility | -1.13×10-8 |
| Molar Magnetic Susceptibility | -3.5×10-10 |
| Volume Magnetic Susceptibility | -0.0000206 |
Abundances |
| % in Universe | 0.0007% |
| % in Sun | 0.0007% |
| % in Meteorites | 0.11% |
| % in Earth's Crust | 0.099% |
| % in Oceans | 7×10-6% |
| % in Humans | 1.1% |
Atomic dimensions and structure |
| Atomic Radius | 98 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 106 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 180 pm |
| Crystal Structure | Simple Triclinic |
| Lattice Angles | | 1.25384, 1.57725, 1.24896 |
|
| Lattice Constants | |
| Space Group Name | P-1 |
| Space Group Number | 2 |
Nuclear Properties |
| Half-Life | Stable |
| Lifetime | Stable |
| Stable Isotopes | |
| Isotopic Abundances | |
|